علم الحديث: ماهيته، وموضوعه، وإشكالات ترتيب مباحثه
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52747/aqujssis.5.01.365الكلمات المفتاحية:
علم الحديث، الماهية، الموضوع، ترتيب المباحثالملخص
إن التصور السليم لعلم الحديث، متوقف على إدراك ماهيته التي تكشف عن طبيعته ومجالاته المميزة له مقارنة بغيره من العلوم. ولا تصح البداية بدراسة علم دون الوقوف على هويته، ومعرفة موقعه في نسق العلوم الشرعية. فاستتمام النظر إذن مرتكز على هذه الدعائم التي تعتبر مدخلا مهما إلى تفاصيل العلم ودقائقه، ومن جهة أخرى؛ فإن الكشف عن هوية العلم يسهم في تصور حقيقته، وموضوعه، ووظائفه، والأبواب الكبرى المشكلة لبنيته، والمتأمل يلحظ أن هذه العناصر، أو المكونات تتشكل منها الخصائص المميزة للعلم عن غيره، وهذه العناصر ليست منفصلة الصلة عن أخواتها، بل إن كل واحد منها يؤثر في الآخر، ولذلك سيلحظ القارئ أني عند الحديث عن ماهية علم الحديث مثلا، أستحضر وظائفه، وأجعلها ماثلة أمامي في تحليل ومناقشة ما أود الكشف عنه، وعند الحديث على ترتيب مباحثه داخل كتب المصطلح، أجد نفسي مضطرا إلى الوقوف على طبيعة الإشكالات التي أسهمت في ظهور العلم. فلا يمكن للطالب فهم علم الحديث بشكل صحيح إلا من خلال دراسة هذه الأسس، فإن هو أغفلها ضل السبيل، وألقي في مسالك لا توصله إلى المراد أصالة من دراسة هذا العلم، وهو تحصيل ملكة النقد الحديثية. ويهدف هذا البحث إلى تحليل علم الحديث من خلال دراسة ماهيته، ووظائفه، والأبواب الكبرى التي تشكل بنيته، مع التركيز على دور المحدثين في تنظيم مباحثه.
التنزيلات
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