توجيه المناسبات بين السور والآيات: معالم وضوابط
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52747/aqujssis.5.01.375الكلمات المفتاحية:
توجيه، المناسبات، التفسير، الترابط، السياقالملخص
يعد علم المناسبات من أدق علوم القرآن وأهمها، والتي تعين على استخراج كنوز القرآن الكريم وحِكَمه، وقد أولى علماؤنا هذا العلم عناية بالغة إما بطرقهم له من خلال ما كتبوا في تفسير القرآن وعلومه، وإما بإفراده بمؤلفات خاصة به، ويهدف البحث إلى إبراز عدد من الضوابط والمعالم المتعلقة بالمناسبات بين السور والآيات وتوجيهها، من خلال تطبيقات العلماء وتنظيرهم لهذا العلم. ففي التمهيد تناول جانبًا نظريًّا مشتملًا على التعريف بعلم المناسبات وأهميته. وأما المطالب الثلاثة فتناولت جانبًا تطبيقيًّا على النحو الآتي: فعني المطلب الأول باستخراج الضوابط المتعلقة بالمناسبات على وجه العموم، وعني المطلب الثاني باستخراج الضوابط المتعلقة بالمناسبات بين السور، وأما المطلب الثالث فقد عني باستخراج الضوابط المتعلقة بالمناسبات بين الآيات. وقد اعتمد البحث على المنهج الاستقرائي التحليلي، مما أثمر عددًا من النتائج؛ أبرزها: أولًا: علم المناسبات له ضوابطه التقعيدية وثقافته اللغوية التفسيرية التي ينبغي الحرص على مراعاتها وتطبيقها. ثانيًا: علم المناسبات قائم على العلم بالبلاغة القرآنية ومعرفة أوجه ربط العرب كلامها ببعض. ثالثًا: علم المناسبات علم توفيقيٌّ لا توقيفي. رابعًا: البحث عن مناسبات الآيات والسور علم اجتهاديٌّ دقيقٌ، وليس هناك أحد ممن يهتم بالمناسبات يجزم بما ذكره من اجتهاداته في المناسبات أنها هي مراد الله من كلامه تعالى. خامسًا: تقبل المناسبة إذا كانت متفقة مع المعايير الشرعية واللغوية منسجمة مع سياق النص، ولا يكون فيها تكلف ولا تعسف، وتكون مردودة إذا لم تتحقق فيها هذه الشروط كلها أو بعضها.
التنزيلات
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